A sentence can leave its actor implicit, collapse several operations into one verb, refer to an undefined object, hide its scope, omit affected parties, claim causality without a causal design, and assume standing that no speaker possesses.

Runcible therefore does not test the sentence as an indivisible string. It establishes the institutional matter, translates the language into typed relations, identifies independently testable propositions, selects the burdens those propositions create, executes the applicable tests, and preserves every supported, failed, repairable, skipped, and open condition in a structured result.

Because the logic is constructive and bottom-up, existence has to be built rather than asserted. “A square circle” cannot pass, because nothing can be constructed that satisfies both terms. “Justice means goodness” cannot pass either, because no actor, transfer, harm, obligation, or test has been supplied to build from. In neither case is the compiler failing to understand the claim. It has located the exact point at which the claim stopped referring to anything.

Discretion is the one input the compiler cannot supply. Where a claim would need someone’s judgment to proceed — a missing measurement, an ambiguous reference, an incomplete rule, an irreducible preference — the system reports that condition rather than guessing past it. This is the Runcible standard of decidability implemented as a type system instead of described as a policy: satisfaction of the demand for infallibility appropriate to the context, without the necessity of discretion.

The compile step therefore returns three outcomes rather than two — ternary logic, in the research vocabulary. Those three outcomes are the result states. What an institution reads from a result state is an action state.